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Causes and Symptoms of Type 2 Diabetes and Hyperglycemia Although Type 2 Diabetes is a less severe form of diabetes than Type 1 Diabetes, it is no less dangerous in the long run. The damage it causes can be so slow and gradual that the condition often goes unnoticed. Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes are both conditions in which the body has difficulty metabolizing sugars (glucose), causing high levels of glucose to build up in the blood. High levels of glucose in the blood can lead to chronic and progressive deterioration of the retina, kidneys, cardiovascular system and other organ systems. The difference between the types of diabetes lies in how the high levels of insulin arise. Type 1 Diabetes is brought about by a lack of the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. For this reason, Type 1 Diabetes is more severe and more difficult to treat than Type 2 Diabetes. As a result, natural insulin levels will be low to non-existent in Type 1 diabetics and blood glucose levels will be correspondingly high. In contrast, Type 2 diabetics will have normal or even high levels of insulin and elevated blood glucose levels. Consequently, the major difference between Type 1 and 2 Diabetes is that Type 1 results from the pancreas not producing any or enough insulin to transport glucose from the blood to the tissues. In Type 2, the body is not processing glucose efficiently, even in the presence of insulin. Both result in hyperglycemia, though Type 1 hyperglycemia tends to be more severe. The Causes of Type 2 Diabetes Type 2 Diabetes is caused by the inability of the muscle, fat and liver cells in the body to efficiently use insulin. The pancreas responds to the increasing blood glucose levels by producing more and more insulin until it becomes unable to produce quantities of insulin sufficient to metabolize the glucose. This, in turn, causes glucose to build up in the blood, creating the condition known as hyperglycemia. Type 2 Diabetes may also involve impaired insulin production by the pancreas, though this is less often the cause of the condition. Type 2 Diabetes is generally a condition that affects the overweight and the obese. The connection between obesity and Type 2 Diabetes likely stems from the increased levels of adipokines (protein agents produced by fat cells), which inhibit or impair glucose tolerance. However, genetic factors and drinking too much coffee may also contribute to Type 2 Diabetes. As a result, Type 2 Diabetes is highly treatable in most cases. Symptoms of Type 2 Diabetes Type 2 Diabetes often goes unnoticed for years. The noticeable symptoms are blurred vision, lethargy, thirst, frequent urination, mental confusion and/or depression. Although these are the same symptoms as seen in Type 1 Diabetes, they tend to be less pronounced with Type 2 cases. Since Type 2 Diabetes is less severe, episodes of ketoacidosis are rare among Type 2 diabetics unless and until they have progressed into Type 1 Diabetes later in life. Ketoacidosis is a potentially fatal condition in which fats broken down by the liver flood the blood stream, causing the blood to become dangerously acidic. Research Suggests … a strong correlation between cardiovascular diseases in non-diabaticsborn to couples where both genetic parents have Type 2 Diabetes. While the offspring of two Type 2 diabetics may have normal blood glucose and insulin levels, they almost always have atherosclerotic conditions (diseases of the blood vessels) associated with high blood pressure. For this reason, children of obese parents and parents who have been diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes should monitor their blood pressure starting at an early age and take extra precautions against heart disease. In many ways, Type 2 Diabetes is less severe and more treatable than Type 1 Diabetes. However, because the symptoms of Type 2 Diabetes are more latent, this condition can potentially be more dangerous. Another reason Type 2 Diabetes can be more harmful than Type 1 Diabetes is that Type 2 often goes unnoticed and undiagnosed, resulting in equally unnoticed and undiagnosed damage to the eyes, kidneys and cardiovascular system. Occasionally, Type 2 Diabetes is only diagnosed after severe and irreversible damage to one of these organ systems has occurred. If you are obese, overweight or genetically predisposed to diabetes, make an appointment with your doctor to determine whether diabetes is a health factor in your life. Early diagnosis and treatment is the key to a long and happy life free of the debilitating and life threatening effects of Type 2 Diabetes.

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