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Battling Prostate Cancer: New Approaches to Treatment

An area that has drawn the attention of researchers is the link between prostate cancer and the potential development of bone cancer. Given this relationship, scientists have theorized that drug delivery targeted to the bones might also be an effective means of providing chemotherapy, both in terms in reducing the severity of symptoms and increasing the life expectancy of individuals who have been diagnosed with the condition.

A recent clinical trial at the University of Texas, headed by Dr. Shi-Ming Tu, evaluated whether drug therapy through the bones had a demonstrable effect. The pharmaceutical compound being evaluated was a formulation of strontium-89 (Sr-89) and the drug doxorubicin. The test group involved 103 individuals who had reported suffering an increase in symptoms related to their cancer diagnosis. The trial took place over a three-year period.

Patients were given an initial course of chemotherapy that lasted eight weeks, followed by an evaluation of symptoms and PSA (Prostate Specific Antigen) levels. This schedule was repeated two or three times. After establishing baseline measurements, a number of patients were randomly selected to receive treatment that was directed specifically at the bones and skeletal system over six-week's time.

Clinical results measured included PSA readings to determine if participants showed a decrease of at least fifty percent from the original levels that was maintained for a minimum of eight weeks. Other data included subjective reports by the volunteers about their pain levels following treatment, the survival rate of those tested, the increase or decrease in cancer-related symptoms, and reported side effects, among others.

Dr. Tu and his associates reported that 60 percent of those who had been selected for the bone-targeted treatments had a 50 percent decrease of PSA and, of that group, 43 percent had a reduction of 80 percent or more. Similar positive results in survival rate and pain reduction were found. One explanation for these findings is that the compounds utilized in the chemotherapy, in combination with the biological relationship between prostate and bone cancer, worked to more effectively inhibit the growth of cancer cells.

These findings open new avenues of treatment methodology. As additional clinical studies evaluate and expand on the concept of bone-directed therapies, the development of new weapons and strategies in the battle against cancer is underway.

Resource

Tu, S. M., Millikan, R. E., Mengistu, B., Delpassand, E. S., Amato R. J., Pagliaro L. C., Daliani D., Papandreou C. N., Smith T. L., Kim J., Podoloff D. A., & Logothetis C. J. (2001, February). Bone-targeted therapy for advanced androgen-independent carcinoma of the prostate: A randomized phase II trial. The Lancet, 357(9253), 336-41.



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