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Radiofrequency Ablation and Other Advances in Liver Cancer Treatment Chemotherapy is the standard treatment for inoperable liver cancer. However, the powerful toxicity of chemotherapy drugs can cause severe side effects and the potential benefits from the use of chemo medication must be balanced against a possible drop in quality of life. New advances in chemotherapy, such as chemoembolization seek to reduce such side effects. Other research hopes to discover adjuvant treatments that complement chemotherapy medications. Dr. Allan Siperstein, of the Cleveland Clinic Foundation in Ohio, compared the effects of radiofrequency ablation and chemotherapy in a 2002 report presented to a meeting of the American College of Surgeons in San Francisco. According to Dr. Siperstein, radiofrequency ablation reduces tumor mass and increases survival times more effectively than traditional chemotherapy. During radiofrequency ablation treatment, thin electrodes are attached to the tumor. Electricity passed through the electrodes heats the tumor, destroying cancerous tissue and reducing the size of the tumor. Dr. Siperstein studied the response and survival rates of 225 patients treated with radiofequency ablation at the Cleveland Clinic between 1996 and 2000. A sizable proportion of the patients studied received both chemotherapy and radiofrequency ablation treatments. Compared to patients who received standard chemotherapy as their only treatment, patients who received radiofrequency ablation treatment had significantly higher survival rates. Cases of primary liver cancer treated with ablation had a three-year survival rate of 38 percent. Patients whose liver cancer had spread from the colon had a sixty percent three-year survival rate. The results of Siperstein's study suggest that radiofrequency ablation will become more commonplace in liver cancer treatment. There can be complications from the treatment: infection may occur and blood transfusions may be necessary. However, the effect radiofrequency ablation has on survival rates indicates that the treatment has a promising future either in combination with, or as an alternative to, chemotherapy treatment for inoperable liver cancer. As Dr. Siperstein puts it: "The logic is that if I can go in there and debulk or ablate the tumor, the patient will live longer." Dr. Siperstein also examined the effects of radiofrequency ablation in patients with colorectal cancer that spread to the liver. The results of combined ablation and chemotherapy on 135 patients from 1997 to 2002 were analyzed and were as encouraging as the first study. Patients receiving combined radiofrequency ablation and chemotherapy had double or even triple the survival times of patients receiving chemotherapy alone. Dr. Siperstein noted that the "data underscores the fact that radiofrequency ablation is an important and positive adjunct to chemotherapy in patients with colorectal cancer that has spread to the liver." Research into radiofrequency ablation continues. A multi-clinic test is currently underway to determine whether combining the treatment with surgery and follow-up chemotherapy increases survival rates. Resources British Broadcasting Corporation. (2002). Electrical device fights liver cancer. Retrieved July 3, 2003, from news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/2316107.stm. Clinicaltrials.gov. (2002). Surgery with or without radiofrequency ablation followed by irinotecan in treating patients with colorectal cancer that is metastatic to the liver. Retrieved July 4, 2003, from www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct/gui/show/NCT00030563?order=18. RITA Medical Systems, Inc. (2003). N ew study shows rita medical systems radiofrequency (rf) technology increases survival rates for patients with colorectal cancer that spread to the liver and beyond. Retrieved July 4, 2003, from biz.yahoo.com/prnews/030602/lam083_1.html.

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