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The Quest for a Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) Vaccine Finding a urinary tract infection (UTI) vaccine has been the goal of UTI researchers for many years. In the 1970s, research revealed that a specific antibody was present in the vaginal secretions of women who seemed less susceptible to urinary tract infection. This discovery paved the way for a possible UTI vaccine. Early clinical trials failed to produce an effective vaccine. The data indicated that oral vaccines were simply not effective treatments for UTIs and vaccines given through the bloodstream caused adverse reactions. Further, some researchers suggested that UTI vaccines were not possible, given the many different strains of bacteria responsible for urinary tract infections. Antibiotic Resistance and UTI Bacteria Despite these failures, the need for a viable UTI vaccine has become even greater in recent years, as certain strains of urinary tract infection bacteria become increasingly resistant to antibiotics. A UTI vaccine would be the perfect answer to this threat, and new UTI vaccines are currently undergoing clinical trials. Recent Advances: Is a UTI Vaccine Within Reach? The results of a promising clinical trial from the University of Wisconsin-Madison were presented at the 2003 Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. The clinical trail, headed by Dr. Walter J. Hopkins, tested a vaccine delivered as a vaginal suppository. This new formulation was based on an injectable vaccine developed in Switzerland by Solco. The vaccine is designed to combat six different strains of UTI. The clinical trial involved 54 women, who were divided into three groups. The first group received six weeks of treatment with the UTI vaccine. The second group received placebo suppositories. The third group received the UTI vaccine for the first three weeks, and the placebos for the rest of the trial. Six months after the trial, 33 percent of women in the vaccine group had contracted a urinary tract infection, as opposed to 89 percent of women in the placebo group. The third group appeared to be more resistant to UTIs while taking the vaccine, but lost this protection when they switched to placebos. Dr. Hopkins and his team noted that the mode of delivery may be important for the UTI vaccine. A suppository delivers the vaccine directly to the vaginal tissue, allowing the vaccine to quickly begin its work, without causing many side-effects. A second, much larger, clinical trial is under development to further study the effects of the UTI vaccine. The second trial will last two years, and track the response of hundreds of women to the vaccine. Resources National Kidney and Urologic Diseases Information Clearinghouse. (1999). UTI vaccine on the horizon. Retrieved December 30, 2003, from kidney.niddk.nih.gov/about/Research_Updates/sum99/1.htm. Seppa, N. (2002). Vaccine prevents urinary-tract infections. Retrieved December 30, 2003, from www.sciencenews.org/20020105/fob4.asp.

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